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Separation of niobium (and tantalum, zirconium, and hafnium) from the thorium-free low-volatile ultrahigh iron FeCl 3-NbCl 5-TaCl 5-ZrCl 4-HfCl 4 mixture could be achieved greenly and efficiently by selective oxidation with Fe 2 O 3. The separation of rare earths and thorium in the involatile product mixture and comprehensive use of other ...
The selective separation of thorium from rare earth elements and uranium is a critical part of the development and application of thorium nuclear energy in the future. ... lignin-derived magnetic ...
Therefore, thorium separation, removal, and recovery are important for both pollution control and resources sustainability. ... and magnetic separation [20, 21]. To enhance their chemical stability for harsh environments, increase their colloidal stability, and prevent particle agglomeration; surface functionalization of MNPs by various ...
thorium (Th) and uranium (U) of 0.02, and 0.002 wt.%, respectively [19]. In addition, the Bayan Obo bastnäsite and monazite deposit in China contains minerals such as fluorite, magnetite, barite, calcite and quartz with magnetic susceptibility, specific gravity, electrical conductivity, or floatability similar to REE-bearing minerals [20,21].
gical, chemical, catalytic, electrical, magnetic, and optical properties [1]. Thorium is a naturally occurring radioactive material (NORM). It can be used as nuclear fuel when converted to ssile uranium-233 by absorbing slow neutrons. Neverthe-less, thorium is usually located with rare earths elements in minerals like monazite and bastnasite [].
The high thorium recoveries, excellent separation of thorium from gangue silicate compounds and difficulty of separating thorium from iron in sink-float ... This information implies that the Choghart thorium deposit can be concentrated by gravity and magnetic separation methods to remove gangue silicate minerals and magnetite. …
The separation and recovery of thorium from monazite is critical to the sustainable development of the nuclear industry as well as to environmental safety. Also, the removal of radionuclides from polluted sources is a critical issue in environmental control. Magnetic ferrite nanoparticles ...
THORIUM-URANIUM PROCESSING WITH GRAVITY, MAGNETIC AND ELECTRICAL SEPARATION IN ZARIGAN ORE DEPOSIT. M. E. Nasab, S. A. Milani, A. Sam. …
Thorium is a radioactive element occurs naturally and distributed widely over the earth's crust at rocks, soil, plants and water [1]. Thorium is attractive element in various fields like geology and medicine [2]. ... The application of magnetic materials for separation of pollutants from effluents received great attention in recent years [29 ...
1. Introduction. Thorium is known as a naturally occurring radioactive material (NORM) which is four times more abundant than uranium in nature. Normally, thorium isotope exists as thorium-232 (232 Th), and its half-life is 14.05 billion years.232 Th is a fertile material which does not undergo fission reaction by itself. However, the reaction of …
Abstract. We have developed techniques by sector-field inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) for measuring the isotopic composition and …
Uranium and thorium separation in some rare earth practices outside China. The only large scale rare earth production outside China is currently operated by Lynas Australia in its refinery plant in Malaysia. The rare earth concentrate is from Mount Weld in Australia which contains 40% REO, 0.16% ThO 2 and 0.003% U 3 O 8 (Anon., 2010, …
Finally, the non magnetic concentrate of low magnetic separator was processed with the electrical separation. The grades of thorium and uranium in the non magnetic concentrate of low magnetic separator were increased to 4000 and 5000 ppm respectively where only 15% of the initial feed (ore) was transferred to this concentrate.
The thorium separation from rare earths in the process is shown in Fig. 2 (Wang et al., 1999a, Wang et al., 1999b, Wang and Wang, 2006, Liu et al., 2012). In the process, rare earths and thorium are converted into their hydroxide by NaOH during caustic digestion at a sub-boiling temperature. Subsequently, both rare earths and …
Abstract. Thorium-230 has many research applications, but there is not a commercial source of this isotope. However, since 230 Th is part of the 238 U decay …
Separation of thorium from rare-earth processed residue will provide sustainable thorium resources, approximately 94–106 tons per year concomitantly with the continuous operation of rare-earth processing plants [7, 46]. These sustainable thorium resources will provide benefits for industrial sectors, specifically the nuclear industry.
The membrane is a nanodispersed system of magnetic nanoparticles that have the role of ensuring both convection and transport for ionic chemical ... H.P.; Prasetiawan, H.; Triwibowo, B.; Hisyam, A. Simulation Study of Thorium Separation from Monazite Mineral. In Proceedings of the 7th Engineering International Conference on …
Uranium and thorium isotopic and concentration measurements by magnetic sector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. ... 2–3 drops of concentrated perchloric acid were added to the separated U and Th solutions after the last column separation step and dried at ∼150 °C. For samples with particularly high organic …
DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c01438 Corpus ID: 225581949; Novel Harmless Utilization of Bayan Obo Tailings: Separation and Recovery of Iron and Rare Earth @article{Zhou2020NovelHU, title={Novel Harmless Utilization of Bayan Obo Tailings: Separation and Recovery of Iron and Rare Earth}, author={Yan Zhou and Xiangxin Xue …
A combination of unit operations like gravity separation, magnetic separation and electrostatic separation techniques were applied to the beach sand to recover monazite mineral. The data indicate that samples show a maximum yield of about 81% for THM and 0.5% for monazite. ... In Brazil, monazite-rich sands show a …
A typical heavy mineral concentrate assaying 18–20% Y 2 O 3 has been recovered from sand using gravity and magnetic separation techniques. Hydrometallurgical processing of xenotime by sodium hydroxide digestion requires fine grinding of feed materials and presents difficulties in subsequent efficient separation of …
Bie et al. investigated the separation of thorium and rare earths using three new oxyacetic acid extractants, 2-[benzyl(propan-2-yl) amino]− 2-oxoacetic acid (BPAOA), 2-[benzyl ... (R 4 ND) were compared to realize the separation and recovery of neodymium and praseodymium in a magnetic separation solution like neodymium-iron-boron [59 ...
In the present paper, various hydrometallurgical techniques applied during REE production process for separating thorium (Th) and uranium (U) are reviewed, including leaching, …
Therefore, the separation and enrichment of thorium from tailing wastewater is of great significance. In this study, a novel adsorbent, UiO-66-NH-PMA, was prepared by grafting pyromellitic acid (PMA) onto UiO-66-NH 2 composite via a simple amination reaction for the separation and enrichment of thorium from aqueous solution. The …
In principle, thorium can be obtained through separation from the mineral such as monazite [18], [19]. However, the co-existence of thorium with uranium and rare earth elements in the mineral brings arduous hardness for selective extraction of thorium, mainly due to their comparable chemical and physical properties [18], [19].
This is supported herein by kinetic control of sulfidation selectivity between iron and rare-earth oxides (iron (III) oxide (Fe 2 O 3) and lanthanide (III) oxide (Ln 2 O 3 ), melting points 1,597 ...
Thorium and uranium extraction from rare earth elements in monazite sulfuric acid liquor through solvent extraction. Miner. Eng. (2010) ... are generally beneficiated by flotation, gravity and magnetic separation techniques. The mainstream metallurgical processes for bastnaesite, monazite and mixed RE concentrates are oxidation …
Magnetic separation is based on the difference in magnetic properties of mineral particles when subjected to a magnetic field. Magnetic separation is commonly used to separate diamagnetic minerals (such as fluorite and quartz) from ferromagnetic minerals (such as siderite), and from paramagnetic minerals (such as monazite, …
When the new resin was used for the separation of thorium and rare earth, it showed high mechanical strength, good stability, and recyclable use during the adsorption process. ... Naushad M, Alshehri SM (2020) Fabrication of magnetic polymeric resin for the removal of toxic metals from aqueous medium: kinetics and adsorption mechanisms. J …
The production of REE requires several steps of magnetic, gravity, and electrostatic separations in addition to flotation to efficiently separate the REE from associated gangues with similar physical properties. ... Li, D.Q.; Zuo, Y.; Meng, S.L. Separation of thorium(IV) and extracting rare earths from sulfuric and phosphoric acid solutions by ...
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